Caprini风险评估护理对降低乳腺癌术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

Effect of Caprini risk assessment care on lower extremity deep venous thrombosis after undergoing breast cancer operation

目的将Caprini风险评估护理应用于乳腺癌患者,探究对术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的影响。方法以2018年6月—2019年12月于医院行手术治疗的396例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,最终完成研究者383例,按照年龄、BMI、文化水平、手术时间、接受新辅助化疗、术前Caprini分级具有可比性的原则,分为观察组191例和对照组192例。对照组采用常规风险护理,观察组采用Caprini风险评估护理干预,对比两组患者预后情况。结果护理干预后,观察组患者在术后4周内皮下淤血、皮下积液、皮肤硬结的发生率高于对照组,下肢DVT的发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论为乳腺癌患者提供Caprini风险评估管理效果明显,通过更加准确、全面的评估,为患者提供有针对性的护理干预,进而降低下肢DVT的发生率,规避护理风险。

Objective To apply Caprini risk assessment care to the patients with breast cancer to explore the eff ect on postoperative lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods A total of 396 breast cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment in the hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the study objects.Finally,383 cases of patients completed the study.According to the age,BMI,education level,operation time,acceptance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and the principle of comparability of preoperative Caprini classification,and they were divided into an observation group with 191 cases and a control group with 192 cases.The control group used routine risk nursing care,and the observation group used Caprini risk assessment nursing intervention to compare the prognosis of the two groups of patients.Results After nursing intervention,the incidence of subcutaneous congestion,subcutaneous effusion,and skin induration in the observation group was higher than those of the control group,and the incidence of lower limb DVT was lower than that of the control groug,and diff erences were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The hospitalization time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group,and the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of Caprini risk assessment and management for breast cancer patients was eff ective.Through more accurate and comprehensive assessment,targeted nursing interventions can be provided for patients,thereby reducing the incidence of lower extremity DVT and avoiding nursing risks.