三种纤维素基活性炭纤维的制备及表征

Preparation and characterization of three cellulose-based activated carbon fibers

以脱脂棉、天丝和剑麻为原料,KOH溶液为活化剂,通过炭化、活化制备活性炭纤维(ACFs),研究炭化温度和碱碳比对ACFs物理化学性质的影响,并借助比表面积测试(BET)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等手段对纤维进行表征。结果表明,3种原料炭化致孔的难易程度为:脱脂棉>剑麻>天丝。当炭化温度为700℃时,炭化材料的比表面积分别为390.4、48.8和179.2 m^(2)·g^(-1)。采用质量分数w为10%的KOH溶液活化,碱碳质量比为2:1,脱脂棉、剑麻基ACFs的比表面积分别为1375和1161 m^(2)·g^(-1)。采用w为20%的KOH溶液活化,当碱碳质量比为3:1时,天丝基ACFs的比表面积可达1594 m^(2)·g^(-1),孔径分布比前两者窄。

Activated carbon fibers(ACFs)were prepared from degreased cotton,Tencel and sisal fibers by carbonization and activation using KOH solution as an activator.The effects of carbonization temperature and alkali-carbon ratio on the physical and chemical properties of ACFs were studied.The fibers was also characterized by specific surface area test(BET)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that the order of carbonization difficulty of the three raw materials is:degreased cotton>sisal>Tencel.The specific surface areas of the carbonized materials at 700℃were 390.4,48.8 and 179.2 m^(2)·g^(-1),respectively.The specific surface areas of degreased cotton and sisal based ACFs were 1375 and 1161 m^(2)·g^(-1) respectively when the alkali-carbon ratio was 2:1 by w=10%KOH impregnating.The specific surface area of Tencel based ACFs can reach 1594 m^(2)·g^(-1),and the pore size distribution was narrower than the former two when the alkali-carbon ratio is 3:1 by w=20%KOH impregnating.