考虑高程放大效应的永久减震孔降震研究

Seismic Reduction Using Permanent Vibration⁃Damping Holes Based on Consideration of Elevation Amplification Effect

以缅甸Letpaduang铜矿北侧区域寺庙为监测点,在考虑高程放大效应的前提下,通过采集和分析爆破震动振速监测数据,获得了更准确的地震波强度理论计算公式,研究了不同减震排数对降震效果的影响,分析了减震孔后不同位置处的降震成效,探索了减震孔在矿山生命周期过程中的长期降震作用,得出如下结论:增大减震孔排数可使总体降震效果变好;减震孔后各质点振速因距爆源位置不同而有所差异,不过其影响会随采矿范围扩大而减弱;以终了境界为边界,根据振速公式和限值,得到了各台阶最近距离单孔最大允许装药量、高程及爆心距与振速的关系,为矿山未来生产中的爆破震动控制提供了依据,有利于保障企业经济效益和当地社会效益。

The temple on the northern side of the Letpaduang Copper Mine in Myanmar was taken as the monitoring point to collect the data of blasting⁃induced vibration and vibration velocity.With the elevation amplification effect taken into consideration,a more accurate theoretical formula for calculating seismic wave intensity was obtained based on the data analysis.The effects of different rows of damping holes on the effect of seismic reduction were investigated,and the effect of seismic reduction at different locations behind the damping hole was also analyzed.Based on the exploration of long⁃term seismic reduction effect of those vibration⁃damping holes through the life cycle of the mine,it is concluded that the total seismic reduction effect can be improved by increasing the rows of vibration⁃damping holes;each particle velocity behind the vibration⁃damping holes varies with different positions from the blasting source,but the influence will weaken as the mining area expands.With the final boundary as the boundary,the relationship of the maximum allowable charge for each hole at the nearest distance to the bench,elevation and the distance to the blasting center,respectively,with the particle velocity were obtained based on the formula and limit of particle velocity,which can provide a basis for the control of blasting⁃induced vibration in the future mine operation,but also is conducive to ensuring the economic benefits of enterprises and local social benefits.