凤翔雍山血池遗址玉器火燎祭祀实证研究

The Archaeological Evidence of the Liao Sacrifice(Burnt Offering)of Jade Objects at the Xuechi Site in Fengxiang

血池遗址是秦汉重要的皇家祭祀遗址,其中出土了玉器120余件,材质以透闪石为主。本文运用拉曼光谱、红外光谱、分光测色仪和模拟火烧实验等多学科手段确认遗址出土玉璋经历过毁坏和火烧过程。结合考古发现及文献资料,本文认为殷商时期玉器火燎已用于祭祀活动,至秦汉时期成为国家祭祀程序的一部分。

The Xuechi site,which was an important royal sacrificial site of the Qin-Han period,more than 120 jade objects were unearthed from various sacrificial pits.Based on our analytical results,the main type of materials for making those jade objects is tremolite.This paper confirms that zhang tablets were burned before they were finally buried.Given the fact that these objects were all intentionally broken off,this paper suggests the jade objects found at the site might have been used as sacrificial offering.The related ritual might have included not only the burying step but also the firing and destruction processes of the jade.Since archaeological and textual evidence proves that jade objects had already been used in sacrificial rituals during the Shang period,the new discovery presented by this article indicates that the ritual of burnt offering of jade might have continued and even became part of the royal sacrifice during the Qin and Han periods.