南非克莱克斯多普地区某金矿水文和工程地质特征分析

Characteristics of hydrogeological and engineering geology of the gold deposit in Klerksdorp area,South Africa

矿坑涌水不仅影响矿山开采开发,而且严重威胁井下作业人员生命安全,因此对矿山水文地质、工程地质条件的研究至关重要。通过对南非克莱克斯多普地区的区域水文地质、矿区水文地质、工程地质特征的总结,探讨该区的水文、工程地质条件,分析了该矿床充水水源、水力联系通道及岩石结构稳定性。矿区含水岩组富水性较弱,断裂发育,一定程度上连通了地下含水体,矿山开采过程中应避开断裂带。遗弃的老采空区积水严重,采坑巷道接近积水崩落部位时,因及时排险并及时排水。矿山开采过程中应合理预留安全矿柱,岩层软弱部位及时进行加固等措施,以免发生工程地质问题进而引发安全生产事故。并对主要的水文和工程地质问题提出的防治措施,提高科学防范矿山地质灾害的能力,为矿山进一步开采开发提供科学依据。

Mine gushing water not only affects mine exploitation and development,but also seriously threatens the life safety of underground operators.Therefore,it is very necessary to study the hydrogeology and engineering geological conditions of mines.Through the study of the regional hydrogeology and the hydrogeology of the mining area,the paper analyzes the water-filling source,the hydrau⁃lic connection passage and the stability of the rock structure of the deposit.The water-bearing rocks in the mining area are weakly water-rich,and the faults are developed.To some extent,they are connected with underground water-bearing bodies,so the fault zone should be avoided in the mining process.The abandoned old goaf has serious water accumulation.When the mining roadway is close to the site where the water accumulation falls,it should be discharged and drained in time.In the process of mining,safety pillars should be reserved reasonably,and weak parts of rock strata should be strengthened in time,so as to avoid engineering geological problems and safety accidents.Puts forward the prevention measures for the main hydrogeology and engineering geology problems,which provide the scientific basis for the further exploitation and development of the mine,and improve the ability to prevent geological disasters in mines in a scientific way.