医学专业实习生公正世界信念现况及影响因素研究

The status and its related factors of belief in a just world in the medical college interns

目的:了解医学院校实习生公正世界信念现状和影响因素,为今后干预提供基础资料。方法:采用问卷星的调查形式,按照分层整群抽样方法,抽取并调查某医科院校实习年级学生公正世界信念现状。问卷由一般情况和公正世界信念量表组成。共计调查了625人,其中男生270人(占43.2%),女生355人(占56.8%)。结果:男生总得分和内在不公正因子得分均低于女生(t=3.38,P<0.01;t=5.18,P<0.01);正在担任学生干部的实习生公正世界信念水平较高(t=1.05,P=0.02;t=1.19,P=0.03);家庭教养环境民主实习生的终极公正因子得分高于家教专制的实习生(t=2.48,P<0.01),内在公正因子得分和总得分也均高于家教专制(t=1.28,P<0.01;t=5.05,P<0.01)和家教放任(t=0.86,P<0.01;t=2.49,P<0.01)。妇幼保健医学专业实习生的终极公正因子得分和总得分均高于麻醉学专业实习生(t=3.19,P=0.04;t=6.40,P=0.04),总得分也高于临床医学(“5+3”一体化)专业实习生(t=6.34,P<0.05)。结论:性别、家庭收入以及教养方式可能是影响医学专业实习生公正世界信念水平的因素。

Objective:To investigate the status and related factors of belief in a just world in the medical college interns,which aimed to provide evidence for intervention of belief in a just world.Methods:625 medical college interns were been selected with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling who participated in our study.There were 270(43.2%in total)male interns,and 355 were females interns(56.8%in total).They were surveyed by self-made scale through Sojump.Result:Female had a higher level of belief in a just world than male(t=3.38,P<0.01;t=5.18,P<0.01).Student cadres have a higher level of belief in a just world(t=1.05,P=0.02;t=1.19,P=0.03).The score of ultimate justice was higher in democratic family than autocratic family(t=2.48,P<0.01),while the intrinsic justice and total score were also higher in democratic family than autocratic family(t=1.28,P<0.01;t=5.05,P<0.01)and laissezfaire family(t=0.86,P<0.01;t=0.49,P<0.01).The interns of mother and child care medicine had higher scores than anesthesiology and Clinical medicine("5+3"integration)(t=6.34,P<0.05),while the score of ultimate justice was also higher than anesthesiology(t=3.19,P=0.04;t=6.40,P=0.04).Conclusion:Sex,family income and parenting style may be factors that influence the level of belief in a just world among medical interns.