浮置板轨道结构对地铁车辆轨道耦合系统动力性能影响分析

Influence Analysis of Floating Slab Track Structure on Dynamic Performance of Metro Vehicle-Track Coupling System

以北京地铁6号线车辆为样本,研究了浮置板轨道对于车辆轨道耦合动力学模型的影响。建模时将浮置板轨道考虑成柔性体,用有限元实体单元建模,并利用模态叠加法进行求解。仿真后得出如下结论:与轨道不平顺引起的冲击相比,采用浮置板轨道后所产生的枕跨冲击、过渡冲击、轨道板冲击并不明显。车辆在浮置板轨道上行驶时,其竖向悬挂系统能够较好地降低轮轨的冲击力;轨道垫板刚度的主要影响是频率在60~150 Hz范围内的振动,对低频振动影响较小。随着轨道垫板刚度的变大,轮轨垂向力和轮重减载率逐渐变大,但其对轮轴横向力和脱轨系数影响很小,对车体振动几乎没有影响。轨道垫板刚度的主要影响是频率在10 Hz左右的轨道板的振动,对浮置板钢弹簧支承力的影响较小,即对路基的减振效果影响较小。

Taking the vehicles on Beijing metro Line 6 as an example,the effect of floating slab track on vehicle-track coupling dynamics model is studied.The floating slab track is considered as a flexible body in the vehicle-track coupling dynamics model,the finite element solid element is used for the modeling,and the modal superposition method is used to solve the problem.The simulation results show that the sleeper span impact,transition impact and track slab impact caused by floating slab track are not obvious,because the vertical suspension system can reduce the impact force of wheel and rail while the train is running on the floating slab track.The stiffness of rail cushion plate mainly influences the vibration in the frequency range of 60~150 Hz,but has little effect on low frequency vibration.With the increase of the stiffness of rail cushion plate,the vertical force of wheel and rail,the reduction rate of wheel load will gradually increase,but it has little effect on the lateral force of wheel and axle,the derailment coefficient,and even small on the vibration of car body.The stiffness of rail cushion plate mainly affects the vibration of track slab in the frequency range of 10 Hz,and has little effect on the supporting force of floating slab steel spring,that means it has little effect on the vibration reduction performance of roadbed.