“斟酌汉魏”还是“唐承隋制”——唐高祖献陵与隋文帝泰陵的比较

Rooted in the Han-Wei or the Sui Period?A Comparative Study of the Xian Mausoleum of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Period and the Tai Mausoleum of Emperor Wen of the Sui Period

关于唐代初期帝陵制度,文献中多说“斟酌汉魏”,学界似无异议。近年陕西省考古研究院对隋文帝泰陵、唐高祖献陵进行全面考古调查与勘探,陵园布局、形制大体了然。两者相比较,覆斗形封土、并列两墓道、方形陵园、四方四门及门阙等特征极为相似,进一步印证“唐初即用隋礼”之说。

It has long been a conventional idea that the system of imperial mausoleums during the early Tang Dynasty represented the so-called ‘zhenzhuo Han-wei’ (inheritance and revision of Han-Wei period) mentioned in texts.Recently,the Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology conducted a full-coverage archaeological survey and reconnaissance at the Tai mausoleum of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and the Xian mausoleum of Emperor Gaozu.As a result,the layout of mausoleum and general structure of these two mausoleums have been clarified.In addition,the fudou-shape mound,two side-by-side entry ramps,rectangular mausoleum yard,square mausoleum enclosing wall with four gates,and four que towers are all similar and demonstrate the idea that the early Tang ritual was derived from the Sui system.