新中国成立以来我国竞技体育发展方式演进历程与展望

The Evolution and Prospect of Developmental Mode of Chinese Elite Sports Since the Establishment of the People’s Republic of China

从发展理念、管理体制与运行机制3个主要维度梳理新中国成立以来我国竞技体育发展方式的演进历程。在总结我国竞技体育发展方式所取得的辉煌成就的同时,也结合当前存在的主要问题以及在新时代背景下所面临的现实挑战,提出了旨在推动我国竞技体育发展方式有效转变的对策建议:1)在发展理念转变上,要重视竞技体育多元功能的挖掘与发挥,强化协调型发展导向;2)在管理体制转变上,要进一步转变政府职能,着力构建政府、社会组织与市场组织多元主体共治的体制;3)在运行机制转变上,要科学合理地进行运动项目布局,构建以学校培养为主体,以政府、俱乐部和家庭培养为辅的多元化竞技体育人才培养机制,建立精简有序、竞技与普惠兼顾、多元主体参与的体育竞赛机制。

This paper explores Chinese elite sports developmental mode from three dimensions of develop concept,management system and operation mechanism since 1949.While summing up the brilliant achievements,major problems and challenges that the developmental mode of Chinese elite sports have experienced,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions aimed at promoting effective transformation of Chinese elite sports:1)Chinese elite sports should attach importance to the exertion of multi-functions of elite sports and strengthen the development orientation of coordination type;2)Chinese elite sports management system should further transform the functions of government and focus on building a multi-subject cogovernance system of government,social organizations and market organizations;3)Chinese elite sports should take schools as center to gradually build a vertical talents training mode include government,professional club and family,and build an efficient multi-subject sports competition mode combining athletics and popularization.