开放大学政策法规比较研究——以英、美、日、中四国为例

A Comparative Study on Policies and Regulations of Open Universities:Taking the UK,the US,Japan and China as Examples

在世界各国开放大学的创建和发展过程中,各国的政策法规具有决定性的影响作用,不仅为开放大学的创建和发展提供理论依据和行动指南,而且决定其发展方向和兴衰成败。通过对英国、美国、日本、中国的开放大学的政策法规体系进行比较研究,可以发现受政策法规的约束与影响,四国开放大学的建设模式、法律地位、办学自主权和学位授予权等方面的特点有所不同,并呈现出不同的发展态势。研究提出完善我国开放大学发展所需的上位法律体系,制定专门的法律以确保开放大学的地位和办学自主权,加大政策支持力度,保证开放大学的经费来源等政策建议。

In the process of the establishment and development of Open Unive rsities all over the world,the policies and regulations play a decisive role,which not only provide theoretical basis and action guide for the establishment a nd development of Open Universities,but also determine their development direct ion and success or failure.Through the comparative study of the policies and re gulations in relation to Open Universities of the UK,the US,Japan a nd China,it can be found that under the restriction and influence of the polici es and regulations,the Open Universities in the four countries have different characteristics in terms of construction mode,legal status,educational autonomy and degree granting right,and show different development trends.This paper pu ts forward some policy suggestions,such as perfecting the superior legal system needed for the development of Open Universities in China,formulating speciall aws to ensure the status and autonomy of Open Universities,increasing policy su pport,and ensuring the source of funds for Open Universities.