3种不同时期的牙槽窝行自体牙移植的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Autologous Tooth Transplantation in Three Different Stages of Alveolar Socket

目的:对比研究拔牙后即刻、早期或延迟3个不同时间行自体牙移植疗效评价。方法:选择2019年6~12月就诊于新疆医科大学附属口腔医院颌面外科门诊且后牙缺失患者,共64例,并将其通过缺牙时间进行分组,分别为:新鲜牙槽窝组22例、早期牙槽窝组21例、人工牙槽窝组21例。3组分别进行自体牙移植,术中记录供牙离体时间和拟合次数,术后1、3、6、9、12个月对其进行疗效复查、包括临床专科检查、拍摄牙片,评价移植牙牙周情况、牙根愈合和牙根吸收情况。结果:移植术后12个月3组疗效比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);新鲜牙槽窝和早期牙槽窝在牙根愈合方面均优于人工牙槽窝(P<0.05);植入人工牙槽窝的移植牙牙根吸收接近一半,与早期牙槽窝相比无显著差异(P>0.05),而与新鲜牙槽窝比有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他指标,术中指标(供牙离体时间、供牙拟合次数)、PD、AL、患者满意度,3组比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:新鲜牙槽窝、早期牙槽窝和人工牙槽窝行牙移植均能获得较高成功率,疗效接近。

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of autologous tooth transplantation at three different times after tooth extraction.Methods:64 patients with posterior tooth loss were selected from the outpatient Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2019 to December 2019.The patients were grouped according to the time of tooth loss as follows:22 cases of fresh alveolar socket group,21 cases of early alveolar socket group,and 21 cases of artificial alveolar socket group.Autologous tooth transplantation was performed respectively.Intraoperative time and fitting times of the donor teeth were recorded,and the efficacy of the donor teeth was reviewed at 1,3,6,9,and 12 months after the operation.Clinical specialist examination and dental film were taken to evaluate the perioperative status,root healing,and root resorption of the transplanted teeth.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of three groups 12 months after transplantation(P>0.05).Both fresh alveolar and early alveolar were superior to artificial alveolar in root healing(P<0.05).The root resorption of transplanted teeth with artificial alveolar implants was nearly half,with no significant difference to the early alveolar implants(P>0.05)but significant to the fresh alveolar implant(P<0.05).Other indicators,such as intraoperative indicators(detached time of donor tooth,number of donor tooth fitting),PD,AL,and patient satisfaction,showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Fresh alveolar fossa,early alveolar fossa,and artificial alveolar fossa can achieve high success rate and close curative effect.