农村公共服务供给的模式与革新

The Mode and Innovation of Rural Public Service Supply

政府主导下的多元主体合作是农村公共服务改革的基本方向和普遍共识。当前我国农村公共服务供给模式有行政化供给、市场化供给和社会化供给三大类七种模式,各种模式的特色和应用领域各不相同。实践表明,政府本身的认识和能力已成为制约公共服务供给成效的关键因素。由于各地农村的差异,当前农村公共服务供给面临以下困境:服务目标上,难以兼顾公平与效率目标;供给主体上,政府缺位、市场参与动力不足和社会组织不成熟;供给方式上,难以有效开展公私合作;供给机制上,难以协调公共性与逐利性。为摆脱困境,政府主导下公私合作是必然趋势,政府要兼顾公平与效率,规范自行行为、完善市场建设,处理好公私部门之间的合作与监管关系,注重引导和培育农村社会组织,深化机制体制改革。

The government led multi subject cooperation is the basic direction and common consensus of rural public service reform.The current supply modes of rural public services in China include:administrative supply,market-oriented supply and socialized supply,with different characteristics and application fields.Practice shows that the government’s own understanding and ability has become the key factor restricting the effectiveness of public service supply.At the same time,due to the rural differences,the current rural public service supply is facing the following difficulties:on the service goal,it is difficult to give consideration to the goal of fairness and efficiency;on the supply subject,it is faced with the absence of government,the lack of market participation motivation and the immaturity of social organizations;in the mode of supply,it is difficult to effectively carry out public-private cooperation;on the supply mechanism,it is difficult to coordinate the publicity and profit-making.In order to get rid of the predicament,the public-private cooperation under the guidance of the government is an inevitable trend.The government should give consideration to fairness and efficiency,regulate their own behavior,improve market construction,handle the cooperation and supervision relationship between the public and private sectors,pay attention to guide and cultivate rural social organizations,and deepen the reform of mechanism and system.