基于世界文化遗产申报原则变迁的乡村生产性景观存续思考

Thought on the Preservation and Development of Rural Productive Landscape Based on the Change of Application Principles for World Cultural Heritage

乡村生产性景观蕴含着经济、生态、文化等重要价值,其保存与发展是乡村振兴工作中的重要环节。通过阐释乡村生产性景观的含义,分析其现有问题及成因,并透过对世界文化遗产申报原则变迁趋势中所反映的延续性、真实性、人地关系等要点进行分析,发现作为普遍意义上遗产的乡村生产性景观现状问题与之存在耦合关系。由此认为乡村生产性景观保存与发展应该从延续性维持、功能性保护、人地关系重构三个维度出发,结合世界文化遗产哈尼梯田所面临的困境,提出乡村生产性景观的保护与发展策略体系,即内生性与外源性资源有机结合,进行生态生产、审美培育、文化自信提升。

Rural productive landscape contains important values such as economy,ecology and culture,and its preservation and development are important links in rural revitalization.Through explaining the meaning of rural productive landscape,analyzing its existing problems and causes,and through analyzing the continuity,authenticity,human-land relationship and other key points reflected in the change trend of the world cultural heritage application principles,it is found that there is a coupling relationship between the current situation of rural productive landscape as a universal heritage.Therefore,the conservation and development of rural productive landscape should start from three dimensions of continuity maintenance,functional protection and reconstruction of human-land relationship.Combined with the difficulties faced by Hani Terrace,the world cultural heritage,the conservation and development strategies of rural productive landscape are put forward,i.e.organic combination of rural endogenous and outsource resources,ecological production,aesthetics culture and improvement of cultural confidence.