炎症性肠病并发常见机会性病毒感染患者的临床特点及处理策略

Opportunistic Viral Infections in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease:Clinical Features and Management Strategies

炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种慢性炎症性肠道疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)。目前,虽然IBD的发病机制尚未完全明确,但已明确其是一种在胃肠道表现出异常免疫反应的自身免疫性疾病,因此包括激素、免疫抑制剂及生物制剂在内的药物治疗已成为IBD的主要治疗方式。免疫抑制剂等主要通过有针对性地干预免疫反应的不同阶段而达到治疗效果,但由于IBD患者营养状况、免疫功能较差及相关药物对免疫功能的抑制,其抵御病原体侵袭的能力被削弱,机会性感染风险明显升高。本文主要分析了IBD并发常见机会性病毒感染患者的临床特点及处理策略,以期为临床有效管理此类患者提供参考。

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a term used to describe ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease,manifested by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.Although its pathogenesis remains unclear,it has been recognized as an autoimmune disease with abnormal immune response in the gastrointestinal tract.Current treatments mainly include drug therapies such as steroid,immune inhibitors and biological agents,and their effects mainly attribute to targeted intervention in different stages of immune response in the process of IBD.As the body's defense against pathogens is impaired due to declined nutritional and immune status as well as application of immunomodulatory,patients with IBD have a significant increase in the risk of opportunistic infection.This paper mainly reviewed the clinical features and management strategies of opportunistic viral infections in patients with IBD,hoping to provide a reference for clinical efficient management.