澳门青少年性教育的效果及优化路径--基于性相关行为形成机制的多群组结构模型分析

The Effect and Optimal Path of Adolescent Sex Education in Macao:Based on the Multi-group Structural Equation Model Path Analysis of the Formation Mechanism of Sex-related Behavior

如何科学地向青少年传递性知识从而避免非意愿的或是过早的性行为是澳门当前促进青少年健康成长的重要问题,对澳门保持“健康城市”有重要的策略意义。对1338名青少年的调查发现,当性态度作为中介变量时,性知识对性相关行为的中介影响呈显著正相关;且运用“知信行”理论分析青少年性相关行为的影响因素时需考虑性别差异。澳门相对保守的性教育限制了青少年获取有利于其性及生殖健康的知识,同时受多元文化的影响,一旦有机会从学校或社会获得性知识,原本保守的性态度就会受到社会上开放的性态度所冲击,并影响其行为。澳门当局应从“积极的青年发展观”等策略角度,优化青少年性教育。

How to transmit sex knowledge to adolescents scientifically so as to avoid unwanted or premature sexual behavior is a key issue for improving sex education and promoting the healthy growth of adolescents in Macao,which is of great strategic significance for Macao to maintain a“healthy city”.By the survey of 1338 youth,we find that when sexual attitude is used as a mediator variable,the intermediary effect of sexual knowledge on adolescent sex-related behaviors is significantly positive,and gender differences should be considered when using the theory of“KAP”to analyze the adolescent sex-related behavior.The current relatively conservative sex education in Macao also restricts adolescents to obtain knowledge that is conducive to their sexual and reproductive health.Meanwhile,adolescents are influenced by multi-culture,once they have the opportunity to acquire sexual knowledge from schools or society,their original conservative sexual attitude will be impacted by the open sexual attitude of the society,which will serve as the basis of their behavior.Therefore,we should optimize sex education based on the perspective of“positive youth development concept”.