“明道”与“致用”:嘉道时期考据学学术范式的转变

“Be Illuminating”and“Be Pragmatic”:On the Paradigm Change of Textual Research at the Age of Emperor Jiaqing and Daoguang

清代考据学发展到乾隆时期,其学术范式逐渐表现出考证繁冗拖沓、学术支离破碎的弊端。面对此种危机,嘉道时期考据学学术范式为之一变,出现了注重礼学研究、诸子学研究、边疆史地学研究、高扬“郑玄注”的价值以回应今文经学等新特征。这些新动态贯彻和彰显了此期考据学重视“明道”“致用”的治学理念。嘉道考据学范式的转变既是清代学术发展的内在必然,又是世运变迁刺激的结果。此期考据学的发展不仅揭示了清代考据学在面对理论危机时所表现出的自我调试机制,而且开启了晚清学术的基本走向。

In the Qianlong period,the research results of the textual research became overly long and tedious.Facing such a crisis,the textual researches began to change in the age of Emperor Jiaqing and Daoguang.Scholars had started to attach importance to the study of rites,historical geography in this period.They affirmed the value of annotation on ancient classics,such as Zheng Xuan’s annotation,in response to the skepticism at that time.These new developments carried out and highlighted both ideas of illuminating and pragmatism in the textual researches of this period.The Paradigm shift of the textual research in age of Emperor Jiaqing and Daoguang was not only the inherent necessity of academic development in Qing Dynasty,but also the result of resolving the external social crisis.The development of textual research not only revealed its the self-debugging mechanism in the face of theoretical crisis in the Qing Dynasty,but also led to the main academic trend in the late Qing Dynasty.