断路器合闸电阻运行可靠性分析及故障诊断技术研究

Research on operation reliability and fault diagnosis technology of pre-insertion resistors for circuit breakers

合闸电阻作为断路器合闸过程中合闸涌流、操作过电压抑制的重要部件,主要应用在800 kV及以上电压等级输电线路与换流变电站交流滤波器场,其特殊的应用环境导致其故障率较均压电容、支撑绝缘件等其他电气部件高。然而,在合闸电阻日常运维与故障诊断过程中,无相应的标准与系统的方法对其是否存在缺陷以及故障后的故障原因进行分析。本文首先对合闸电阻特性参数与工作原理进行介绍,之后对串联结构断路器与并联结构断路器分别进行运行可靠性与故障诊断技术研究。提出了动态电阻拟合、声振信号检测、绝缘性能测试、热容量测试等断路器运行过程中合闸电阻状态监测方法,以及基于ICP的合闸电阻堆拼接、应力特性分析、电场仿真等合闸电阻故障诊断方法,最后通过设备解体验证了所提方法在合闸电阻运行状态检测过程中的可行性。

Pre-insertion resistors(PIR)are used to suppress the closing inrush current and the operating overvoltage during the closing of the circuit breakers.It is mainly used in the AC filter field for converter stations and transmission lines with voltage levels of 800 kV and above.Its special application environment causes its failure rate to be relatively high than other electrical components.However,in operation and fault diagnosis of PIR,there are no corresponding standards and systematic methods to analyze whether there are defects and the causes of failure after the failure.Firstly,this article introduces the characteristic parameters and working principle of the PIR,and then conducts the research on the operation reliability and fault diagnosis technology of the series structure circuit breaker and the parallel structure circuit breaker respectively.During the operation,methods such as dynamic resistance fitting,acoustic vibration signal detection,insulation performance test,heat capacity test and so on are proposed for condition monitoring.In terms of fault diagnosis,methods such as ICP-based closing resistor stack splicing,stress characteristic analysis and electric field simulation are proposed.The fault diagnosis is carried out,and the feasibility of the proposed method in the process of detecting the operating state of the PIR is verified through the disassembly of the equipment.