基于人体损伤的中低速正面碰撞气囊点火状态分析方法研究

Human injury-based ignition state analysis of airbags in front impact at low and medium velocity

为降低驾驶员在中低速碰撞下受到的损伤,利用2010年版丰田Yaris整车模型建立100%正面刚性壁碰撞有限元模型,并根据驾驶员舱布置及相关法规要求建立Madymo约束系统仿真模型,以验证有限元模型的准确性.利用建立的碰撞模型,在中低速碰撞中对不同气囊点火状态下的驾驶员所受损伤进行仿真.结果表明,该车型在35 km·h^(-1)及以上车速时,点爆气囊能有效减少驾驶员损伤;30 km·h^(-1)及以下车速时,气囊点火会对驾驶员造成额外伤害;中低速碰撞下,驾驶员的胸部损伤程度较头部更容易受气囊点火时间影响.

In order to reduce the driver’s injury in low and medium speed collisions,the 2010 version of the Toyota Yaris model is used to establish a 100%frontal rigid wall collision finite element model,and a Madymo restraint system simulation model is established according to the layout of the driver’s cabin and relevant regulations,which is verified by test.Using the established collision model,the injury to the dummy under different ignition conditions of the airbag in the low-speed collision is simulated.The results show that the use of airbags at speeds of 35 km·h^(-1) and above can effectively reduce driver injury,and airbags at speeds of 30 km·h^(-1) and below can cause additional damage to driver.The driver’s chest injury is more likely to be affected by the ignition time of the airbag than the head’s in low and medium speed collisions.