“幸福河湖”背景下城市内涝防治系统的运行调度优化——以江西南昌市青山湖排涝片为例

Optimization of the operation dispatching of urban waterlogging prevention system under the background of“happy rivers”--A case study of Qingshan Lake drainage area in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province

“幸福河湖”的提出,进一步诠释了“统筹兼顾、综合治水”的内涵,也对城市河湖的管理提出更加明确的要求。然而,在城市水安全、水景观、水生态等诸多目标之间,往往存在冲突,在发挥城市水体调洪功能的同时,难免在水景观与水生态方面产生不利影响。“城市看海”与“逢雨必污”频现、矛盾交织是我国城市面临的普遍难题。以南昌市青山湖排涝片为研究区域,分析内涝防治系统运行调度面临的形势、存在的问题及原因,进而结合相关城市雨洪数值模拟成果,提出其优化原则与路径。主要结论有:“暴雨全程动态控制”有助于内涝防治系统运行过程中的“多目标”协调;通过城市雨洪数值模拟,能够更加科学地预判不同雨洪情景对城市水系的影响,有助于按照“分时分级”的原则划定阶段性的重点目标,进而合理确定关键水位的控制时机与阈值。

“Happy rivers”explains the connotation of“Comprehensive consideration and measures in water conser⁃vancy”and also puts forward more clear requirements for the management of urban rivers.However,there are often conflicts among the goals of urban water security,water landscape,water ecology and so on.It is inevitable to have adverse effects on water landscape and water ecology while the flood regulation function is brought into play.It is a common problem faced by cities in China that“Looking at the sea in the city”and“Water pollution after rain”.Taking Qingshan Lake drainage area of Nanchang City as an Example,this paper analyzes the present situation faced by the operation dispatching of urban waterlogging prevention system,researches the existing problems and causes,and then puts forward optimization principles and paths based on the results of numerical simulation of ur⁃ban storms and floods.The primary conclusions are:First,“Dynamic control of Rainstorm in the whole process”is helpful for the“multi-objective”coordination in the operation of urban waterlogging prevention system.Secondly,under the numerical simulation of urban flood,the influence of different scenarios on urban water system can be predicted more scientifically,which is helpful to delimit the key objectives at different stages according to the prin⁃ciple of“grading and timeshare”,and then determine the control timing and threshold of water level reasonably.