延迟焦化装置焦炭塔四通阀故障分析及处理措施

Failure Analysis and Treatment Measures for Four-way Valve of the Coke Tower in Delayed Coking Unit

某延迟焦化装置开工不久,在物料切换时出现焦炭塔四通阀阀门卡涩不动的故障,导致装置停工。介绍了四通阀的结构特点和工作原理,根据阀门拆检的实际情况,找出主要故障原因是管线应力导致阀门结构变形。通过计算波纹管工作位移量,提出改变位移量来避免密封阀座与阀座插件台阶的接触。针对四通阀卡涩情况,给出了加装调整垫片、加大缠绕垫片厚度及研磨阀球与密封阀座等处理措施。改造后再未出现四通阀卡涩故障,装置运行平稳。

Shortly after the commissioning a delayed coking unit,the failure of the four-way valve of the coke tower occurred during the material switching,resulted in shutdown of the unit.The structural characteristics and working principle of the four-way valve were introduced.According to the actual situation of valve disassembly and inspection,the main failure reason was found out that the pipeline stress caused the valve structure deformation.It is proposed to change the displacement to avoid the contact between the sealing valve seat and the valve seat plug-in step by calculating the working displacement of the bellows.Measures were given to install adjusting gaskets to increase the thickness of spiral wound gaskets and to grind the valve ball and the sealing valve seat to deal with the jam of the four-way valve.After the transformation,the jamming failure of the four-way valve never appeared again and the unit has been running smoothly.