国家科技创业政策协调性研究——基于政策工具视角

Coordination Analysis of National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Policy: Based on the Perspective of Policy Tools

科技创业政策是科技型创业企业开展创业活动和实现创新发展的重要支撑。鉴于当前学界对国家科技创业政策的总体性和系统性把握不足,以及由此带来的政策效力分析的局限,采用政策文本内容分析法从政策非均衡性、冗余性、缺失性、矛盾性和错位性等方面对我国2006~2020年间国家层面发布的科技创业政策进行了系统梳理。研究发现供给型、需求型和环境型三类政策工具的使用均存在非均衡性;供给型和环境型政策工具的使用存在过溢现象,而需求型政策工具则存在缺失现象;央—地政府政策存在错位性且部分政策内容呈现矛盾性。结论能够补充国家科技创业政策的相关理论研究,并为科技创业主体的双创实践提供制度参考。

Science and Technology entrepreneurship policy is an important support for high—tech Start—ups to carry out entrepreneurial activities and achieve innovative development. Considering the lack of integrity and systematicness of the existing literature research on national science and technology entrepreneurship policy, and the limitations of policy effectiveness analysis, this article adopts policy text content analysis method to systematically analyze the science and technology entrepreneurship policies issued at the national level during 2006—2020 from the dimensions of policy imbalance, redundancy, deficiency, contradiction and dislocation. It is found that there is an imbalance in the use of supply, environment and demand policy tools. The use of supply and environmental policy tools is excessive, while the use of demand policy tools is deficient. The policies of central—local government are in dislocation and part of the policy contents are in contradiction. The conclusions of this paper can supplement the relevant theoretical research of national science and technology entrepreneurship policy, and provide institutional references for innovation and entrepreneurship practice.