《无名的裘德》中淑的伦理身份与伦理选择

Sue's Ethical Identities and Ethical Choices in Jude the Obscure

作为哈代小说封笔之作的重要女性人物之一,淑因为性格复杂却充满魅力的形象在学界的讨论和研究中占有重要的地位。采用文学伦理学方法,分析淑的多重身份--裘德的女儿、情人和妻子,各自承载着不同的伦理身份的内涵。淑不能顺应从“情人”到“妻子”伦理身份的转变,使她陷入了伦理困境。淑为解除这种伦理困境亦做出了尝试。但是,由于她没有认清问题的本质,淑无法解除本身的伦理困境。小说中,淑与菲洛特桑结婚后又离婚,与裘德同居却又没有结婚,后来淑又离开裘德,与菲洛特桑又复婚,均是她无法解除伦理困境的表现。淑认识不到她的伦理身份具有客观性,幻想通过自己的努力改变其伦理身份,均以失败告终。

As one of the important female characters in Hardy's novels,Sue has an important position in the discussion and research of academic circles because of her complex and fascinating image.This paper uses the literary ethical method to analyze multiple identities of Sue-Jude's daughter,lover and wife,which carry different connotations of ethical identities.Sue could not adapt to the change of her ethical identity from“lover”to“wife”,which made her fall into an ethical dilemma.Sue also tried to get rid of this ethical dilemma.However,because she did not recognize the nature of the problem,Sue could not get rid of her own ethical dilemma.In the novel,Sue and Phillotson got married and then divorced.Sue cohabited with Jude but she did not marry with him.Later,Sue left Jude and remarried with Phillotson,which shows that she was unable to get rid of the ethical dilemma.She did not realize that her ethical identity was objective,and she had failed to change her ethical identity through her own efforts.