汉英时间词空间化特质及其语言蕴含共性

The Spatialization of Chinese and EnglishTemporal Words and Their Implicational Universals

文章从跨语言视角,定量探究汉英时间词的空间化特质及其语言蕴含共性,并试图探析其衍生缘由。语料分析表明:1)汉英时间词内部均有空间化等级性,并且偏好空间方位时间词;2)汉语时间词的空间化程度高于英语,前者空间化类型较之后者更为活跃;3)汉英时间词遵循如下蕴含共性:时间词空间化→空间方位时间词。上述发现能昭示汉英时间词的空间化程度和类型异同,揭示时间词空间化与空间方位时间词的内在关联,并能阐释时空映射和汉英时空性思维特质差异对时间词空间化的交互影响,具有一定的理论和现实意义。

From the cross-linguistic perspective,this paper makes a typological exploration of the spatial peculiarities of Chinese and English temporal words and their implicational universals,and concludes with a cognitive interpretation.It comes to three findings:Firstly,both Chinese and English temporal words are characterized by the spatialization hierarchy,with the preference of localizing temporal words;secondly,the spatialization degree of Chinese temporal words is higher with more active spatialization types than that of English;thirdly,one implicational universal is identified and verified cross-linguistically,i.e.,spatialization of temporal words→localizing temporal words.The above findings can reveal the degree and type of spatialization of Chinese and English temporal words,demonstrate the internal relevance between the spatialization of temporal words and localizing temporal words,and explain the interactive influence of the spatiotemporal mapping and the spatiality-temporality difference between Chinese and English upon the spatialization of temporal words.This study is of great theoretical and practical significance.