武汉地区杜鹃花主要病虫害调查研究

Investigation on Main Diseases and Pests of Rhododendron in Wuhan Area

2018年5月至2019年12月,对武汉地区杜鹃花的主要病虫害进行了系统调查,主要调查了杜鹃山林景区、杜鹃种质资源栽培苗圃、城区道路绿地和住宅绿地中种植的杜鹃(包括毛鹃、东鹃和春鹃)系列品种,并进行了叶芽受害率统计与危害程度评估。结果表明:武汉地区主要病害有杜鹃叶肿病和杜鹃黑斑病,主要虫害有杜鹃冠网蝽、一点钻夜蛾和三节叶蜂;山林景区中杜鹃病虫害较少,栽培苗圃中杜鹃病虫害较多;不同园艺类型的杜鹃受害率差异较大,以毛鹃的受害率最低,春鹃与东鹃病虫害严重;不同园艺品种的春鹃与东鹃受害率也各不相同。

Main diseases and pests of rhododendron in Wuhan area were systematically investigated in May 2018 to December 2019.The different cultivars of rhododendron(Rhododendron pulchrum,east rhododendron and spring rhododendron)were investigated in the mountain forest scenic spot,rhododendron germplasm resources nursery,urban road greenbelt and resi-dential greenbelt,and the damage rate of leaf bud was noted and the damage degree was evaluated.The results showed that the main diseases of rhododendron in Wuhan area were leaf swelling disease and black spot disease,the major pests of rhododendron in Wuhan area were Stephanitis pyrioides,Earias pudicana pupilana Staudinger and Arge similes.The diseases and insect pests of rhododendron were less in mountain forest scenic spot and more in cultivated nursery.Moreover,the damage rate of different horticulture types of rhododendron was significantly different,and the damage rate of Rhododendron pulchrum was the lowest,and the diseases and pests of spring rhododendron and east rhododendron were serious.The damage rate of different horticultural varieties of spring rhododendron and east rhododendron was also different.