缺血性卒中的二级预防

Secondary prevention for ischemic stroke

缺血性卒中具有高发病率、高致残率、高病死率及高复发率等特点,卒中后应尽早开始二级预防。预防缺血性卒中复发需要制定针对病因和危险因素的措施和标准化策略,缺血性卒中二级预防策略包括抗栓治疗、降脂治疗、血压管理和血糖管理等,这对降低卒中复发至关重要。此外,通过改善饮食、增加体育锻炼和戒烟限酒等措施干预缺血性卒中的行为危险因素,对预防卒中复发同样具有重要意义。

Ischemic stroke has the characteristics of high incidence,high disability,high mortality,and high recurrence rate.Secondary prevention should be started as soon as possible after stroke.Prevention of ischemic stroke recurrence requires the standardized strategies that target the etiology and risk factors.Secondary prevention strategies for ischemic stroke include antithrombotic therapy,blood pressure control,cholesterol lowering treatment,hypoglycemic therapy,etc.,which are essential for reducing stroke recurrence.In addition,the interventions of behavioral risk factors by improving diet,increasing physical exercise,quitting smoking and limiting alcohol are also of great significance for preventing stroke recurrence.