基于模糊综合评价的地铁站消防安全风险评估

Fire Safety Risk Assessment of Subway Stations Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

为了降低地铁车站的火灾发生率,对地铁车站消防安全风险进行评价,从主动防火能力、被动防火能力、消防安全管理、乘客安全行为4个方面建立包含24个二级指标的地铁站消防安全风险评价体系。对武汉市武昌火车站地铁站进行实地调研,利用模糊综合评价法对地铁站进行火灾风险评估,得出该地铁车站火灾风险隶属矩阵为{0.2284,0.3721,0.3225,0.0770,0},依据最大隶属度原则,发现该地铁站的整体消防水平处于“比较安全”的层次,但在消防安全管理与乘客安全行为两方面还存在问题并亟待改善,该研究结果可为今后降低地铁站消防安全风险提供借鉴意义。

In order to reduce the fire rate of subway stations,the fire safety risks of subway stations were evaluated,and the fire safety risk evaluation system of subway stations with 24 secondary indicators was established from the four aspects of active fire prevention capabilities,passive fire prevention capabilities,fire safety management,and passenger safety behavior.A field survey of the Wuchang Railway Station subway station in Wuhan was conducted and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to carry out the fire risk of the subway station.It is found that the fire risk membership matrix of the subway station is{0.2284,0.3721,0.3225,0.0770,0},based on the principle of maximum membership,discovering that the overall fire protection level of the subway station is at a"relatively safe"level,but there are still problems in the fire safety management and passenger safety behavior and need to be improved.The results of this study can provide references for the reduction of the fire safety risk of subway stations in the future.