网络直播平台帮助犯罪行为的处罚边界

Punishment boundary for online live broadcast platform’s aiding act

划定网络直播平台帮助犯罪行为的刑事责任形态和刑事责任边界,应当转变一刀切、等同化的认知模式,采取类型化、个别化的处置模式。依据网络直播平台帮助犯罪行为的积极性、主动性程度,可以将其帮助犯罪的行为划分为对犯罪行为的单纯不作为帮助、对犯罪行为经责令改正后仍不作为帮助、对犯罪行为的作为帮助三种类型。在此基础上,才能进一步澄清网络直播平台帮助犯罪行为的刑事责任形态与具体边界。虽然,在刑事责任形态上,网络直播平台单纯不作为帮助行为应当承担所帮助犯罪的共犯责任;经责令改正后仍不作为的帮助行为,应当承担拒不履行信息网络安全管理义务罪的正犯责任;网络直播平台作为帮助行为,原则上应当承担帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的正犯责任,例外的应承担所帮助犯罪的共犯责任。但是,在刑事责任追究上,如果网络直播平台的单纯不作为帮助行为成立中性业务行为的,经责令改正后仍不作为帮助行为在正常运营上缺乏义务履行可能性或者在技术上缺乏结果回避可能性的,以及作为帮助行为符合不追诉条件的,应当阻却对网络直播平台的刑法处罚。

At present,the existing one-size-fits-all,equalized cognitive models in determining criminal responsibility forms and boundaries of criminal responsibility for online live broadcast platforms in helping criminal behaviors must be changed to adopt a typed and individualized disposal model.According to the enthusiasm of online live broadcast platform in helping criminal behavior,the online live broadcast platform’s help to the crime can be divided into simple inaction help to the criminal behavior,inaction to the criminal behavior after being ordered to be corrected,and acts to help criminal behavior.On this basis,we can further clarify the criminal responsibility forms and specific boundaries of online live broadcast platforms in helping criminal behavior.In the form of criminal responsibility,online live broadcast platform shall simply bear the accomplice responsibility for the crimes it is assisting;the helping behavior that fails to act after being ordered to correct shall bear the responsibility for the offender who refuses to perform the obligation of manage the information network security;as a helping act,the online live broadcast platform should,in principle,bear the responsibility of crime of helping cybercrime,and the exception should bear the accomplice responsibility of the crime helped.However,in charging criminal liability,if the simple inaction of online live broadcast platform establish a neutral business behavior,or if when being ordered to correct,the possibility of performing obligations or avoiding the results technically is lack,or if a helping act meets the conditions of non-prosecution,criminal punishment on the online live broadcast platform should be prevented.