酸枣仁及其副产物综合利用的研究进展

Research Progress of Comprehensive Utilization of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Its By-products

酸枣仁作为一种传统中药,具有补肝、宁心、敛汗、生津的功效,用于治疗神经衰弱、失眠多梦、虚弱盗汗等。伴随酸枣仁资源产业的快速发展和药用价值的不断开发,在生产和加工过程中产生了大量副产物及废弃物,造成了严重的环境问题。总体而言,酸枣仁资源的利用率依旧不高。基于此,笔者从利用部位、功能成分角度系统梳理了酸枣仁化学成分及其潜在资源,总结出酸枣仁及其副产物(酸枣果肉、酸枣叶、酸枣根等)在药品、保健食品和食品等领域具有广泛应用,并可将废弃物开发为饲料、饲料添加剂、活性炭、有机肥料等,从而实现酸枣仁及其副产物的综合利用。此外,该文系统总结了当前该产业的环保问题,并提出改进建议,旨在减轻环境污染,提升资源的利用效率,以期为酸枣仁及其副产物的综合利用提供参考和依据,推动产业绿色、节约及双效发展。

As a traditional Chinese medicine,Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(ZSS)has the functions of tonifying liver, tranquilizing heart, astringent sweat and producing body fluid, which is used to treat neurasthenia,insomnia,dreaminess,debility,night sweat and so on. With the rapid and constant development of ZSS resource industry and its medicinal value,a large number of by-products and waste generated in the production and processing process,resulting in serious environmental problems. In general,the utilization rate of ZSS resources was still not high. Based on this,the chemical components and potential resources of ZSS were systematically combed from the perspective of the medicinal parts and bioactive components in this paper,and the authors had summarized that the widely application of ZSS and its by-products(fruit,leaf,root,etc.)in the fields of food, medicine, functional food and other areas was discovered and summarized as feed, feed additives,activated carbon,organic fertilizer,etc. In addition,this paper systematically summarized the current environmental protection problems of the industry,and put forward suggestions for improvement,aiming at reducing environmental pollution and improving the utilization efficiency of resources,so as to provide reference and basis for the comprehensive utilization of ZSS and its by-products,and promote the green,economical and double-effect development of the industry.