氧化应激在噪声性听力损失中的作用机制及药物防治

The Oxidative Stress Medchanism of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Anti-Oxidant Medicines

长期暴露于噪声环境会导致听觉系统发生进行性听力下降,产生暂时性听力性阈移或永久性听力阈移,引发噪声性听力损失(noise-induced hearing loss,NIHL)。随着NIHL损伤机制研究的深入,氧化应激损伤越来越受到关注,噪声暴露后产生的大量活性氧,不仅会直接对内耳产生一系列氧化损伤,其产生的次级代谢产物还会对内耳产生间接损伤,并激活诸多细胞凋亡信号传导通路,最终引起毛细胞大量凋亡,出现听力下降。随着氧化应激机制研究的深入,诸多针对性的抗氧化应激药物已被应用于噪声性听力损失的防治研究,本文对噪声性听力损失氧化应激机制及新出现的抗氧化防治药物进行简要综述。

Exposure to a noisy environment can cause progressive hearing loss in the auditory system and lead to a temporary threshold shift or permanent threshold shift,resulting in noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL).With the deepening of NIHL mechanism research,oxidative stress damage is getting more and more attention.The large amount of reactive oxygen produced after noise exposure will directly lead to a series of oxidative damage to the inner ear.The secondary metabolites product will also cause indirect damage to the inner ear,activate apoptosis signal transduction pathways and eventually cause a large amount of hair cell loss,resulting in hearing loss.With the deepening of the study of oxidative stress mechanism,many targeted anti-oxidative stress medicines have been applied to the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss.This paper reviews advances in the oxidative stress mechanism of noise induced hearing loss and the emerging anti-oxidant medicines.