对宫颈病变妇女健康教育需求的调查研究

Investigation on the demand of health education for women with cervical lesions

目的探索宫颈病变妇女对健康教育的需求。方法选取2019年4月至2020年4月于金华市中心医院治疗的82例宫颈病变患者作为研究对象,按照文化程度和年龄分组后,分析宫颈病变妇女对健康教育的需求程度、方式及内容。结果不同文化程度宫颈病变妇女对健康教育的需求程度不同,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.303,P<0.05),其中大专及以上文化程度患者"最需要"占比最高,初中及以下患者"不需要"占比最高;不同文化程度宫颈病变妇女对健康教育方式的需求不同,差异具有统计学意义(PFisher<0.05),其中,初中及以下患者选择患者交流方式占比较大,高中及中专患者选择健康宣传手册占比较大,而大专及以上患者选择视频健康宣传占比较大;≤40岁宫颈病变妇女心理指导需求、性生活需求高于>40岁患者,康复指导需求、饮食指导需求低于>40岁患者,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为6.483、7.405、5.148、18.325,均P<0.05)。结论不同文化程度、不同年龄的宫颈病变患者对健康教育的需求程度、方式及内容不同,应进行个体化、针对性的健康教育。

Objective To explore the needs of women with cervical lesions for health education needs.Methods A total of 82 patients with cervical lesions who were treated in Jinhua Central Hospital from April 2019 to April 2020 were selected as research objects.After grouping according to education level and age,the degree,methods and content of health education needs of women with cervical lesions were analyzed.Results Women with cervical lesions of different educational levels had different needs for health education,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.303,P<0.05).Among them,patients with a college degree and above have the highest proportion of"most needed",and patients with junior middle school and the below have the highest proportion of"no need".Women with different education levels had different needs for health education methods,and the difference was statistically significant(PFisher<0.05).Among them,most patients with junior high school and below chose the way of patient communication,most patients with senior high school and technical secondary school chose the health brochure,while most patients with junior college and above chose the video health promotion.The psychological and sexual needs of women≤40 years old with cervical lesions were higher than those of>40 years old patients,and the needs for rehabilitation guidance and dietary guidance were lower than those of>40 years old patients,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.483,7.405,5.148 and 18.325,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with cervical lesions of different educational levels and ages have different requirements for health education,methods and content,so individualized and targeted health education should be carried out.