协商式教育政策制定的制度逻辑与本土化构建

The Institutional Logic and Localization of Consultative Education Policy Formulation

协商民主的发展直接推动了协商式教育政策的制定。协商式政策制定是由广大公众参与政策制定的一种模式,是通过公众参与、共同讨论,最终达成一致意见的过程。协商式教育决策的优势在于:强调公众的自愿参与,让不同的利益相关者表达自己的呼声,具有制度的合法性;满足利益相关者的合理诉求;减少政府部门的重大决策失误;减少公众与政府之间的利益摩擦。国务院应尽快出台协商式政策制定的法律法规,重大的教育政策问题可以采用协商式制定的模式,利益相关者可按照一定的比例参与,要在开展协商之前认真调研,在协商过程周密安排。

The development of consultative democracy directly promotes the formulation of consultative education policies.Consultative policy formulation is a mode in which the general public participates in policy formulation,and a process in which the public reaches consensus through participating and discussing.The advantages of consultative educational decision-making lie in:emphasizing the voluntary participation of the public,allowing different stakeholders to express their voices,reflecting the legitimacy of the system;meeting the reasonable demands of stakeholders;reducing serious decision-making errors by government departments;reducing interest friction between the public and governments.Therefore,the State Council should promulgate laws and regulations on consultative policy formulation as soon as possible.For major education policy issues,a consultative formulation model can be adopted.Stakeholders should participate in the negotiation process in a certain proportion.Before the process,serious research and carefully arrangement should be conducted.