接种根瘤菌对南疆春大豆结瘤和生长的影响

Effects of Rhizobia Inoculation on Nodulation and Growth of Spring Soybean in Southern Xinjiang

为筛选南疆结瘤能力强且对春大豆生长发育、产量有积极影响的大豆根瘤菌菌株,探讨大豆品种和根瘤菌的匹配性,以前期分离、鉴定、纯化的3株根瘤菌菌株为材料,对南疆地区3个春大豆品种进行了田间接种试验,测定大豆根瘤数、根瘤干重、大豆地上部干物质积累分配、产量及其构成因素的变化。结果表明:接种不同根瘤菌均能促进南疆不同春大豆品种根系结瘤,促进结瘤效果存在差异,黑农61接种T6能显著增加中后期根瘤数、根瘤干重,新大豆8号和石大豆2号接种T6和SN7-2能显著增加结瘤数和根瘤干重,SN7-2在春大豆生育前期、T6在生育后期作用明显;黑农61接种SMH12,新大豆8号和石大豆2号接种T6和SN7-2能显著促进干物质积累;新大豆8号接种SN7-2、石大豆2号接种T6、黑农61接种SMH12能促进干物质向生殖器官分配。接种根瘤菌能通过增加主茎节数、单株荚数和百粒重提高春大豆产量,新大豆8号与SN7-2、石大豆2号与SN7-2、黑农61与SMH12匹配性最好。

In order to screen soybean rhizobia strains with strong nodulation ability positive effects on spring soybean growth and yield, and to explore the matching of soybean varieties and rhizobia, three rhizobia strains(T6, SN7-2 and SMH12) isolated, identified and purified in the previous period were used as materials. Field inoculation tests were conducted on three spring soybean varieties of southern Xinjiang, and the changes of soybean nodule number, root nodule dry weight, soybean dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield and its constituent factors were measured. The results showed that the inoculation of rhizobia could promote the root nodulation of spring soybean in southern Xinjiang, and the effect of promoting nodulation was different. Inoculation of T6 with Heinong 61 could significantly increase the number of nodules and dry weight of nodules in the middle and late development stages. Xindadou 8 and Shidadou 2 inoculation of T6 and SN7-2 could significantly increase the number of nodules and dry weight of root nodules. SN7-2 played an important role in the early growth period of spring soybean and T6 in the later growth period of spring soybean. Heinong 61 inoculated with SMH12, Xindadou 8 and Shidadou 2 inoculation of T6 and SN7-2 could significantly promote the accumulation of dry matter. Inoculation SN7-2 with Xindadou 8, T6 with Shidadou 2 and SMH12 with Heinong 61 could promote the distribution of dry matter to the reproductive organs, increase the number of main stem nodes, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and the yield of spring soybean. Xindadou 8 and SN7-2, Shidadou 2 and SN7-2, and Heinong 61 and SMH12 were the best match.