NK细胞免疫治疗防治COVID-19应用潜力的研究进展

Advances in the potential of natural killer cell-based immunotherapy for treatment of COVID-19

新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)作为一种新发型急性呼吸道传染病,目前已对全球公共卫生安全构成严重威胁。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)感染导致COVID-19重症患者淋巴细胞减少、淋巴细胞功能障碍并引起不可控的炎症反应。由于自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK细胞)在抗病毒和免疫调节中具有重要作用,以NK细胞为基础的免疫治疗可能是有效抗击COVID-19的治疗策略之一。现就已发表的SARS-CoV-2临床研究报告,整理介绍了该病毒的基本特征及COVID-19患者的主要免疫病理学状态,阐述NK细胞在抗病毒领域的潜在作用机制与研究进展,并对NK细胞防治COVID-19的免疫治疗策略及所面临的问题与挑战作一综述。

As a new acute respiratory infectious disease,corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)has posed a serious threat to public health security worldwide.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)leads to lymphopenia,lymphocyte dysfunction,and causes uncontrolled inflammatory responses in patients with severe COVID-19.NK cell-based immunotherapies may be effective therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 due to their important roles in antiviral effect and immunoregulation.The basic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the main immunopathologies of COVID-19 patients are summarized according to current clinical studies,and the potential mechanism and research progress of NK cell in the field of antiviral studies are described in this article.We also review the problems and challenges faced by NK cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies for COVID-19.