家族、图像与南巡故事——《万笏朝天图》考析

A Study of the Qing Painting of Thousands of Peaks Looking up towards the Heaven from the Perspectives of Clans,Scenes and Emperor Qianlong’s Inspection Tours to the South

《万笏朝天图》是首幅以乾隆南巡为主题的清代绘画长卷,组织绘制者范瑶系范仲淹二十世孙。根据范瑶著《纪恩日录》所记,该图卷描绘的是乾隆帝首访天平山范氏园邸的情景。雍乾之际,范氏宗族发展每况愈下,危机重重。作为宗族领导者,范瑶力行改革,多措并举重振家风,并试图通过接驾、献图等重建家族与皇权的密切关系。《万笏朝天图》即为江南士人家族与皇权互动关系的见证。

The Qing landscape scroll painting Thousands of Peaks Looking up towards the Heaven(Wàn HùCháo Tiān Túin Chinese pinyin)accomplished under the organization of Fan Yao who is the descendant of the 20th generation after Fan Zhongyan depicts the scenery of Suzhou and the grand spectacles of officials and civilians coming out to greet Emperor Qianlong(乾隆)on his inspection tour to the southern regions of the Yangzi River as is recorded in Fan Yao’s Daily Notes on Emperor’s Visit(Jìēn RìLùin Chinese pinyin).Among the plots of the long scroll describes Emperor Qianlong paying his first visit to Gao Yi Garden,where the ancestral temple of the Fan clan was located.During the periods from Yongzheng(雍正)to Qianlong(乾隆),the Fan clan was going down through any crises.Fan Yao led the Fan family advocating reforms with many measures such as the way he received Emperor Qianlong(乾隆)at the ancestral temple of his family and presented this painting to the Emperor.This scroll painting documents the gentry families in the Jiangnan area going all out to relate themselves with the royal power any way.