跳深练习最佳下落高度不同评价方法的对比研究

A Comparative Study on Different Evaluation Methods of the Best Falling Height in Drop Jump Training

跳深练习最佳下落高度的确定在跳深训练负荷的精细化、个性化控制中至关重要。结合最新研究进展,对最佳下落高度的评价方法进行对比,认为最大下蹲跳高度百分比法适合运动水平较低且测试器材有限的群体,使运动员在不降低跳深运动表现的情况下降低下肢损伤风险;对训练负荷强度的精确性有较高要求的个体,当其训练目标对触地时间与跳起高度有较高要求时,建议使用反应力量指数法;最大输出功率法、最大纵跳高度法可能导致触地时间的延长,降低跳深练习的运动表现。指出,教练员应密切结合专项特点及运动项目技术动作的专项特征选择跳深练习最佳下落高度的评价方法,今后研究应将重点集中于训练研究。

The determination of the best falling height is very important in the fine and personalized control of the load in drop jump training.Combined with the latest research progress,this paper compares the evaluation methods of the best fall height,and considers that Percentage of Maximum Countermovement Jump Height method is suitable for the group with low sports level and limited test equipment,so that the athletes can reduce the risk of lower limb injury without reducing the performance of drop jump.For the individuals who have higher requirements on the accuracy of training load intensity,it is suggested to use Reactive Strength Index method when their training objectives have higher requirements on touchdown time and jump height.Maximum Power Output method and Maximum Drop Jump Height method may lead to the extension of touchdown time and reduce the performance of drop jump.It is pointed out that the coaches should select the evaluation method of the best falling height of drop jump training in close combination with the special characteristics of special events and technical movements,and the future research should focus on training research.