光合细菌的农用微生物功能解读

Dissection on the Agronomical Functions of Photosynthetic Bacteria

光合细菌是能利用细菌叶绿素进行光合自养型生长的一类微生物总称,也是植物表面与土壤微生物群落的一个重要组成部分。光合细菌通过自身的特征代谢活动,参与植物的养分摄取、生长发育、抵御逆境等过程,是农田生态系统中与植物以及其他微生物关系密切的有益微生物。本文介绍了光合细菌在农业上植物营养、促生、抗逆、病害防控等方面的功能,阐述了光合细菌通过生物固氮、磷酸盐溶解、重金属固定、植物激素与生长调节剂合成、抗生物质合成、植物免疫诱导等方式维护植物与土壤健康。作为一类代谢功能多样、分布广泛、环境适应能力强,且与植物生长密切相关的微生物,光合细菌将是新型多功能微生物肥料与微生物农药开发的重要菌种资源。

Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB)are summarized as the group of microbes capable of carrying out photosynthesis with the employment of Bacteriochlorophyll.Members of PSB are regarded as important components in microbiome from plant surface and soil.Attributed to their extraordinary metabolism versatility,photosynthetic bacteria often play significant roles in processes like plant nutrient uptake,growth and development,as well as stress resistance and establish close relationships with plants and other microorganisms in agroecosystem.This confers PSB a reputation as plant beneficial microorganism.In this article,we mainly focus on the PSB-produced effects on the plant nutrition,growth promotion,stress resistance and disease management.The biological activities carried out by PSB,e.g.,nitrogen fixation,phosphate solubilization,heavy metal immobilization,phytohormone and plant growth regulator production,antimicrobial compound synthesis,plant systemic resistance induction,are illustrated.Those activities are recognized as the main resorts to maintain the plant and soil health.In conclusion,as a group of microbes with properties including metabolism versatility,wide distribution,flexibly adaptive to environment,and intimately interactive with plants,photosynthetic bacteria can be exploited as a valuable resource for development of novel multi-functional bio-fertilizer and bio-control agent.