商代青铜器高放射成因铅矿料来源的调查研究

Investigation and Study on the Origin of High Radioactivity of Bronze Wares and the Source of Lead Ore in Shang Dynasty

系统探讨商代青铜器矿料产地信息,对研究其政治、经济、文化交流、交通运输、方国地理等问题具有重要意义。自1984年我国学者在商代青铜器中发现高放射性成因铅现象以来,追踪其矿源就成为了我国冶金史、冶金考古乃至考古学等研究领域的热点问题,备受关注。然而,迄今为止,对于商代高放射性成因铅铜器的矿源仍众说纷纭,尚无定论。因此,本文在梳理已有认识的基础上,独辟蹊径,主要通过对河南境内铅矿进行地质调查和相关科技分析,证实河南境内存在高放射成因铅铅矿,且其与若干商代高放射性成因铜器具有相近的铅同位素特征。本文最终结合同位素地球化学证据及铅金属资源获取与流通规律,提出商代高放射成因铅铅料很可能来自豫西地区白云质微晶灰岩中赋存的铅锌矿。这一发现为探讨商代矿产资源开发和流通等问题提供了新的视角,具有非常重要的学术价值。

The systematic exploration of resource provenance of the Shang bronze vessels is meaningful to the study of political, economic, and cultural exchanges, as well as transportation, regional geography and other questions of the Shang Dynasty. Since the discovery of highly radiogenic lead in Shang bronzes by Chinese scholars in 1984, tracing its ore source has become a hot issue in the research fields of metallurgical history, metallurgical archaeology and ar-chaeology in China. So far, however, the ore source of highly radiogenic lead in Shang bronzes is still controversial.Therefore, on the basis of combing the existing research, this paper develops a new way to confirm the existence of ore source in Henan, which have similar lead isotopic characteristics with some highly radiogenic lead in Shang bronzes through the geological survey and related scientific and technological analysis of lead deposits in Henan Province. Finally, based on the isotopic geochemical evidence and the law of the acquisition and circulation of lead metal resources, it is suggested that the lead ores with highly radiogenic lead characteristics in the Shang Dynasty probably came from the lead-zinc deposits in dolomitic microcrystalline limestone in western Henan. This paper has profound meaning and great academic value for providing a new research perspective to investigate the development and circulation of mineral resources in the Shang Dynasty.