基于自我效能理论设计的自我管理对甲状腺癌患者术后的影响分析

The Effect of Self-management Program Designed Based on Self-efficacy Theory on Postoperative Patients with Thyroid Cancer

目的:观察基于自我效能理论设计的自我管理项目对提高甲状腺癌术后患者自我效能、自我管理行为及生活质量的有效性。方法:选择2016年11月-2017年6月在江苏省中医院普外科治疗的甲状腺癌术后患者160例,随机分为试验组(n=80)和对照组(n=80)。对照组给予传统健康教育,试验组实施基于自我效能理论设计的自我管理项目,内容包括言语劝说、同伴教育、心理疏导等。应用癌症自我管理效能感量表(SUPPH)、慢性病管理自我效能量表(self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale,SES6G)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)、简明健康状况量表(36-item short form health survey,SF-36)在入院时、出院后10个月时对患者进行调查。结果:入院时,两组SUPPH评分、SES6G评分、SSRS评分、SF-36评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),出院后10个月试验组各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于自我效能理论设计的自我管理项目能够有效提高甲状腺癌术后患者自我效能、自我管理行为水平,提高社会支持,改善患者生活质量。

Objective:To observe the effectiveness of self-management program designed based on self-efficacy theory in improving self-efficacy,selfmanagement behavior and life quality of patients after thyroid cancer surgery.Method:A total of 160 patients with postoperative thyroid cancer treated in the General Surgery Department of Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2016 to June 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(n=80)and the control group(n=80).The control group was given traditional health education,and the experimental group was given a selfmanagement program based on self-efficacy theory,including verbal persuasion,peer education,psychological counseling.Cancer self-management efficacy scale(SUPPH),self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale(SES6G),social support rating scale(SSRS),and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)were usesd to investigate patients at admission and 10 months after discharge.Result:On admission,there were no significant differences in SUPPH score,SES6G score,SSRS score and SF-36 score between the two groups(P>0.05),the scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group 10 months after discharge,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Self-management program designed based on self-efficacy theory can improve the self-efficacy and self-management behavior of patients with postoperative thyroid cancer,reduce anxiety and depression and improve patients’quality of life.