低碳偏好下制造商的碳政策选择研究

Research on Carbon Policy Choice of Manufacturer under Low Carbon Preference

基于制造商主导和消费者低碳偏好,分别构建碳税和碳限额与交易模型,研究制造商生产定价和减排问题,重点比较制造商利润随各种政策变量的变化关系。首先,消费者偏好使得制造商选择减排有利,当碳税\碳价格在临界值以内,存在单位产品最佳碳排放量使得制造商利润最大化,而最佳碳排放值与碳限额并无关系;其次,在碳税模型中,制造商利润与碳税成反比关系,而在碳交易模型中情况较为复杂,制造商利润取决于碳价格、碳限额和企业碳排放量,而当碳税等于碳价格时,制造商更倾向于选择碳限额与交易政策;最后,通过算例分析验证上述结论。

Based on manufacturer-led and consumer low-carbon preference, carbon tax and cap-and-trade models were built respectively to study appropriate production, pricing and carbon emissions reduction to maximize the manufacturer’s profit, and the relationship of the manufacturer’s profit changing with various policy variables under different carbon policies is the focus of research.First of all, consumer preference makes it advantageous for manufacturer to reduce carbon emission, and it is found that when carbon tax or carbon priceis within the threshold value,there is an optimal carbon emission that maximizes the profit of manufacturer. Interestingly, the optimal carbon emission value is not related to the carbon quota. Secondly, the profit of manufacturer is inversely proportional to the carbon tax in the carbon tax model. However, in the carbon trading model,it is a little bit complicated,which is determined by the carbon price and the relative value of the carbon emission and carbon quota. And when a carbon tax equals a carbon price,cap-and-trade policy demonstrates a better fit to manufacturer. Finally, the conclusion is verified by numerical analysis.