散论唾壶的功能价值

Sporadic Thoughts On the Functional Value of Spittoon Pot

唾壶,属盛痰液或漱口水之器,一种日常卫生用品。古代王公贵族也会在进餐宴饮之时用其盛放食物渣滓垃圾,后逐渐演化成"渣斗",本质为古代的垃圾桶,俩者都被认为是近现代痰盂的重要前身。唾壶的整体造型一般呈大圆口,口为盘状、细颈、圆鼓腹、圈足。早期和晚期的造型不同,后期大圆口逐渐变小,还出现了装饰纹样,也有的添加了盖子,部分形制和使用功能也因此出现了变化。唾壶是一种高级的日用器物,它不仅可以充分体现使用者的身份地位,展示出古人的卫生意识,在古代的它还有一种驱鬼辟邪的神器化意味。

The spittoon pot is a device for holding sputum or mouthwash,a daily hygiene product.Ancient princes and nobles also used it to hold food scum and garbage when they dined and drank,and then gradually evolved into a"slag hopper",essentially ancient trash cans.Both are considered as the important predecessors of modern spittoons.The overall shape of the spittoon pot is generally a large round mouth,with a disc-like mouth,a thin neck,a round belly and a ring foot.The shape of the early and late period was different.The large round mouth gradually became smaller in the later period,and decorative patterns appeared,and some of the lids were added,and part of the shape and functions also changed.The spittoon pot is a high-level daily-use utensil.It can not only fully display the user's identity and status,but also show the sanitary consciousness of the ancients.In ancient times,it also has an artifact-like meaning of exorcising ghosts and warding off evil spirits.