河南省近十年来土壤侵蚀时空变化分析

Analysis of spatial and temporal changes in soil erosion in Henan Province over the last ten years

为定量评价河南省土壤侵蚀状况,实现河南省农业高质量发展,本研究以RUSLE模型为基础,利用多源遥感数据、数字高程模型、水文统计数据、气象数据等,系统分析了河南省2008—2018年土壤侵蚀的时空变化,并结合地理探测器方法探讨了研究区土壤侵蚀可能的驱动因素。研究表明:2008—2018年河南省土壤侵蚀以微度侵蚀为主,其面积占全省95%以上且逐年递增,轻度侵蚀区面积逐年递减,中度及以上侵蚀区域面积无明显变化;河南省西部、西南部及南部地区的土壤侵蚀状况近年来有明显改善,而西北部及北部黄河流域的土壤侵蚀模数维持相对较高状态;坡度对土壤侵蚀的解释力最强,且与其他因子具有强交互作用,是影响河南省土壤侵蚀的主要因素。本研究可以为河南省生态治理及环境保护政策制定提供科学依据。

This study systematically analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in soil erosion in Henan Province from 2008 to 2018,using the RUSLE model,to quantitatively evaluate the soil erosion status and achieve high-quality agricultural development there.The possible factors driving soil erosion were discussed with a method using geographic detectors.The results showed that soil erosion in Henan Province was dominated by"slight erosion"over more than 95%of the province and that this increased year by year from 2008 to 2018.The area of"light erosion"decreased year by year while the area of"moderate and above erosion"showed no obvious change trend.The soil erosion situation in the western,southwestern,and southern regions of Henan Province improved significantly in recent years,while the soil erosion modulus in the northwestern and northern Yellow River basins had remained relatively high.The slope was the main factor affecting soil erosion due to its strong interpretation of and interaction with the former.This research can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of ecological governance and environmental protection policies to promote green and healthy development of the Yellow River basin.