岩沥青基多孔碳的制备及其吸附性能研究

Study on preparation of asphaltite-based porous carbon and its adsorption performance

采用溶剂萃取法净化天然岩沥青矿,得到岩沥青样品。研究溶剂对天然岩沥青萃取率的影响,当石油醚与二甲苯的质量比为1∶9时,其萃取率高达82.15%。以净化后的岩沥青为原料制备多孔碳,采用SEM、TEM和BET等方法对材料进行表征,探究助剂脒基硫脲(AU)和硫酸铵(AS)对多孔碳(PC)形貌和结构的影响。BET分析结果表明:AU/PC和AS/PC的比表面积分别为56 m^(2)/g和466 m^(2)/g,总孔容分别为0.113 cm^(3)/g和0.365 cm^(3)/g,AS/PC的孔径主要分布在1.7~3.0 nm,具有丰富的孔隙结构。同时探究了岩沥青基多孔碳材料对水溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。

The asphaltite samples were prepared by purification of natural asphaltite ore by using solvent extraction process.In this paper the influence of different solvents on the extraction rate of natural asphalt rock was studied.When the mass ratio of the petroleum ether to xylene was 1∶9,the maximum extraction rate of 82.15% could be achieved.The porous carbon(PC)was prepared using the purified rock asphalt as raw materials which are characte-rized by SEM,TEM,and BET methods and the influence of such assistants as amidylsulfourea(AU)and ammonium sulfate(AS)on the morphology and structure of porous carbon(PC)was studied.BET analysis results show that the specific surface area of AU/PC and AS/PC is 56 m^(2)/g and 466 m^(2)/g respectively,and the total pore volume is 0.113 cm^(3)/g and 0.365 cm^(3)/g respectively.The pore diameter of AS/PC ranges from 1.7 nm to 3.0 nm,which is of highly pore structure.Meanwhile,the performance of asphaltite-based porous carbon materials for adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ)in aqueous solution was also discussed.