新冠肺炎疫情下大学生心理健康现状及求助方式调查

Investigation on the mental health condition and the styles of help seeking of college students during the COVID-19 outbreak

目的调查新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情下大学生心理健康现状,为对其进行心理干预提供参考。方法采用电子问卷的方式,通过问卷星网络平台,随机对四川省某高校在读大学生进行调查,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及躯体化症状自评量表(SSS)评估其焦虑、抑郁及躯体化症状情况,同时使用自制问卷调查其求助方式,并分析之间的关系。结果共完成调查551例,其中焦虑症状检出率为4.90%,抑郁为28.68%,躯体化症状为17.97%;城市大学生的躯体化症状检出率高于农村(23.35%vs.13.27%,P<0.05)、非医学生的躯体化症状检出率高于医学生(21.40%vs.13.89%,P<0.05)。女性SSS评分高于男性[(26.51±5.44)分vs.(25.27±5.78)分]、城市大学生SSS评分高于农村大学生[(26.69±5.98)分vs.(25.38±5.12)分]、非医学生的SSS评分高于医学生[(26.65±5.59)分vs.(25.21±5.45)分],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。偏相关分析显示,大学生SSS评分与SAS评分呈正相关(r=0.110,P=0.010)、与SDS评分呈负相关(r=-0.087,P=0.042)。大学生常见的求助方式前三位依次为自我调节(81.85%)、与家人或朋友倾诉(70.78%)、线下心理咨询(28.31%)。结论COVID-19疫情下,大学生抑郁和躯体化症状检出率较高;女性、城市、非医专业的大学生躯体化症状检出率相较其他人口学特征与专业的大学生更高;自我调节和向家人或朋友倾诉是大学生主要的心理求助方式。

Objective To investigate the mental health condition of college students during the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),and to provide accurate basis for their psychological intervention.Methods Through the way of electronic questionnaire,questionnaire star as tools,random investigation of college students in a university in Sichuan.Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Somatization Symptom Scale(SSS)were used to evaluate their anxiety,depression and somatization symptoms.At the same time,a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate their styles of help seeking,and the relationships between them.Results A total of 551 valid questionnaires were collected,including 4.90%of anxiety symptoms,28.68%of depression and 17.97%of somatization symptoms.In terms of somatization,the detection rate was higher in urban college students than those in rural(23.35%vs.13.27%,P<0.05),non-medical students was higher than medical students(21.40%vs.13.89%,P<0.05).Women's SSS score was higher than men's[(26.51±5.44)vs.(25.27±5.78)],urban college students'SSS score were higher than rural[(26.69±5.98)vs.(25.38±5.12)],and non-medical students’SSS score were higher than medical students[(26.65±5.59)vs.(25.21±5.45)],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Partial correlation analysis showed that SSS score was positively correlated with SAS score(r=0.110,P=0.010)and negatively correlated with SDS score(r=-0.087,P=0.042).The top three common ways of help-seeking pattern among college students were self-regulation(81.85%),talking to family or friends(70.78%)and offline psychological counseling(28.31%).Conclusion Under the COVID-19 epidemic,the detection rate of depressive symptoms and somatization symptoms of college students is high.The detection rate of somatization symptoms of female,urban and non-medical college students is high.Self-regulation and talking to family or friends are the main psychological styles of help seeking for college students.