社会工作在地化的脱嵌与重嵌

Disembeddedness and Re-embeddedness of the Social Work Localization

当前社会工作呈现嵌入式发展状态,表现为制度设计的宏观嵌入、服务空间的部分嵌入、专业发展的渐进嵌入。社会工作在地化嵌入的同时还存在着行政管理倾向限制社会工作专业的发展、量化指标导向影响社会工作理念的初衷、社工流失趋向阻碍社工队伍的壮大等脱嵌表征。为此,应通过构建多元参与的整体性治理框架,实现社区管理向社区治理转向;通过赋权服务案主、强化评估伦理,确保指标式考核向全方位考评转向;通过制度化回应社工人才发展诉求,推动社会工作“内卷化”向职业化转向,寻找社会工作在地化发展的重嵌策略。只有通过在地化策略,才能在脱嵌中找寻社会工作重嵌的途径;只有回归本原,才能在重嵌中找到社会为本的传统。

At present,social work is in the state of embedded development,which includes macro embedded system design,partial embedded service space and gradual embedded professional development.At the same time,there are some characteristics of social work embeddedness,such as administrative tendency restricting the development of social work specialty,quantitative index orientation affecting the original intention of social work concept,and the trend of social work loss hindering the growth of social work team.Therefore,we should seek the re-embedding strategy of social work in the local development,realize the transformation from community management to community governance by constructing the holistic governance framework with multiple participation,ensure the transformation from index assessment to all-round assessment by empowering service case owners and strengthening evaluation ethics,and promote the transformation from"involution"to"professionalization"of social workers by responding to the demands of social workers′talent development through institutionalization.Only through the localization strategy,can we find the way of social work re-embedding in the process of de-embedding;only by returning to the original,can we find the tradition of society based in re embedding.