晚明坊刻戏曲与市民文化取向的转变

Square Publishing Carving Operas and the Change of Cultural Orientation in the Late Ming Dynasty

明代晚期,文化政策由早期的控制严格转向宽松,民间文学得到蓬勃发展。晚明坊刻戏曲有四个特征,即:内容以才子佳人为主、插图精致雅趣、评点增值文化内涵、图文精良体现文化遗产价值。晚明坊刻带动了市民文化向世俗化发展,形成了初期媒介社会。明代坊刻,以图书形式流传下来的艺术风格和演唱技巧、表演形式对后世中国传统戏曲的传承弘扬具有深远影响,体现出其文化遗产保护方面的价值。

In the late Ming Dynasty,the cultural policy changed from strict control to loose governance,and folk literature developed vigorously.The operas carved in the late Ming Dynasty have four characteristics,namely,the contents are mainly about gifted scholars and beautiful ladies;the illustrations are exquisite and elegant;the commentaries add to cultural connotations,and the elaborate illustrations and contents possess the value of world cultural heritage.The operas carved in the late Ming Dynasty steadily changed the civic culture into secularization,and finally formed the initial media society.In the operas carved in the late Ming Dynasty,the singing skills,and performances that were handed down in the form of books have a profound influence on the inheritance and promotion of traditional Chinese opera on later generations,which reflects its unique value in the protection of cultural heritage.