研究生线上与线下学习时间投入变化及影响因素分析——基于大规模的线上教与学调查数据

Study on the Time Change of Postgraduates in Online and Offline Learning:Based on Large-Scale Online Teaching and Learning Survey

学习时间投入是衡量研究生学习状态与表现的重要指标之一。基于30所高校14 286名研究生的调查数据,通过配对样本T检验、单因素方差分析以及层级回归模型,围绕研究生线上与线下学习时间投入变化展开分析。结果发现,从线下学习转向线上学习的过程中,研究生在学习上的时间投入出现大幅度下降,且不同背景的研究生在线下学习时间投入、线上学习时间投入和时间投入变化上呈现出多种特征。此外,研究生线上与线下学习时间投入变化是学习环境、学生的认知反应以及学习能力共同作用的结果,而环境因素中网络环境对研究生线上与线下学习时间投入变化的作用受学生的认知反应以及学习能力的影响。因此,有必要根据不同群体学习时间投入特征采取针对性措施、创设良好的线上学习环境、加强学生对突发事件的认知引导、提升学生的自主学习能力。

Time investment is one of the important indexes to measure the status and effect of online learning for postgraduates. Based on the survey data of 14 286 postgraduates from 30 universities, this study conducted paired sample T test, ANOVA test, and stepwise regression model to analyze the the change of time investment in online and offline learning of postgraduates. The results showed that learning time investment of postgraduates has dropped significantly with the shift from offline learning to online learning, and postgraduate students with different backgrounds show high-high-low, low-low-low, low-high-low, high-low-high of time investment in offline learning, online learning and the change of time investment. The results also indicated that learning environment,cognitive reaction and learning ability had significant impact on the decline of learning time investment. However,the effect of the network environment on the changes of time investment in online and offline learning of postgraduates is affected by their cognitive reaction and learning ability. Therefore, it is necessary to take targeted measures according to the characteristics of different postgraduates, create a good online learning environment,strengthen students’ cognitive guidance to emergencies, and enhance students’ autonomous learning ability.