高等教育人力资本集聚对技术创新的空间效应——以湖北省地级市为例的实证分析

Spatial Effects of High Educational Human Capital Agglomeration on Technological Innovation: An empirical Analysis of the Prefecture-Level Cities in Hubei Province

基于湖北省2007—2018年12个主要城市的面板数据,分析高等教育人力资本集聚对技术创新的空间效应。研究发现,湖北技术创新水平在市际尺度具有显著的全局和局部空间自相关特征。考虑空间相关性后,无论使用相邻矩阵还是地理反距离矩阵,静态和动态空间杜宾模型回归结果表明,高等教育人力资本集聚对技术创新水平存在显著正向空间溢出效应;动态空间杜宾模型回归结果及其空间效应分解结果表明,城市高等教育人力资本集聚显著促进了本地城市发明创造类技术创新水平的提升。此外,城市经济发展水平、政府投入和产业结构也是影响技术创新水平空间差异的重要因素。因此,政府应激发基础产业技术创新水平,鼓励跨区域人才合作与协同创新。

Based on the panel data of 12 major cities in Hubei Province from 2007 to 2018, the spatial effect of high educational human capital agglomeration on technological innovation is analyzed. The study found that the level of technological innovation in Hubei has significant global and local spatial autocorrelation characteristics at the inter-city scale. When the spatial correlation is considered, whether using the adjacent matrix or the geographic inverse distance matrix, both the regression results of static and dynamic Spatial Dubin models show that there is a positive spatial spillover effect of high educational human capital agglomeration on the level of technological innovation. The regression results of the Dynamic Spatial Dubin model and the spatial effect decomposition results show that the agglomeration of urban high educational human capital has significantly promoted the level of the technological innovation of invention and creation in the local city. In addition, the level of urban economic development, government investment, and industrial structure also are important factors for spatial differences in technological innovation levels. Therefore, the government should stimulate the technological innovation in basic industries and encourage cross-regional talent cooperation and collaborative innovation.