高寒地区低能耗民居建筑DeST模拟

Dest Simulation of Low Energy Consumption Residential Buildings in Alpine Region

高寒地区建筑能耗消耗较大,为改进民居建筑结构保温性能,使用DeST软件进行高寒地区低能耗民居建筑模拟,运用三维激光扫描中的脉冲式测距方法采集民居建筑数据,应用滤波去噪方法处理点云数据,构建三角网模型,在特征线提取基础上建立高寒地区民居建筑三维模型;将空调系统、通风条件和典型日三类参数作为实验数据,利用DeST模拟民居建筑不同围护结构条件下冷热负荷情况,得到外墙、外窗、屋面因素对建筑的能耗影响规律。实验结果表明,节能工作中需着重提升外墙保温层厚度,最大限度减少窗墙比大小,严格控制屋面传热系数值,在提升高寒地区民居建筑节能效果同时,也为改进建筑围护结构保温性能提供可靠的现实依据。

This paper proposes a simulation method of low-energy residential buildings in alpine regions with DeST software for improving the thermal insulation performance.The pulse ranging method in 3D laser scanning was used to collect the residential building data,the point cloud data were processed by utilizing the filtering denoising method,and the triangulation model was constructed.The 3D model of residential buildings in alpine region was founded according to the extraction of characteristic lines.Air conditioning system,ventilation conditions and typical days were set as parameters,and DeST software was used to simulate the cooling and heating loads under different enclosure conditions of residential buildings,thus the influence rule of external wall,external window and roof factors on building energy consumption were obtained.The results show that it is necessary to increase the thickness of thermal insulation layer,reduce the ratio of window to wall and strictly control the heat transfer coefficient of roof,meanwhile,it also provides a reliable practical basis for improving the thermal insulation performance of building envelope.