巴东皱皮木瓜发育及主要成分的变化分析

Change Regularities of Active Components from Fresh Fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa During Fruit Development

以湖北巴东产的皱皮木瓜为试验材料,分别在皱皮木瓜果实7个不同生长期采样,通过果实颜色、纵横径、鲜果质量等形态特征的测定,并采用HPLC法对不同生长期内的有效成分(齐墩果酸、熊果酸、原儿茶酸、绿原酸)进行检测,综合评价皱皮木瓜最佳的采收季节和质量指标。结果表明:(1)皱皮木瓜的纵径、横径、鲜果质量增长随生长阶段呈逐渐递增趋势;(2)在不同生长期有效成分含量呈上升或者下降的趋势。其中,齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量在整个发育过程中逐渐增加,7月10日—20日增加较为明显,两者在成熟期达到最大值,原儿茶酸和绿原酸在幼果期时保持较高的含量,两者变化趋势为降—升—降。

Taking Chaenomeles speciosa in Badong County of Hubei Province as experiment material,Chaenomeles speciosa fruits were sampled in seven different growing period,through the fruit color,the determination of vertical and horizontal diameter and fresh weight,morphological characteristics,and by the method of HPLC,the active components(oleanolic acid,ursolic acid,protocatechuic acid,chlorogenic acid)were detected at different growth period,the optimal harvesting season and quality indicators of Chaenomeles speciosa were comprehensively evaluated.Result shows that:(1)The longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and fresh fruit weight of Chaenomeles speciosa increase gradually with the growth stage.(2)The content of active ingredients show a trend of increasing or decreasing in different growth periods.The contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid increase gradually during the whole development process,and increased significantly from July 10 to July 20.The contents of both reach the maximum at the maturity stage,while the contents of protocatechuic acid and chlorogenic acid remain relatively high at the young fruit stage,and the variation trend of them is descending-ascending-descending.