辽西干旱地区不同人工林涵养水源的效果分析

Water Conservation Effect of Different Plantations in Arid Areas of Western Liaoning Province

从树冠截留雨水效果、枯落物厚度及持水效果等方面对辽西干旱地区4种人工林开展了涵养水源效果分析,结果表明:各人工林树冠对雨水的截留率为15.1%~35.45%,从大到小依次为杨树+沙棘、毛榛纯林、刺槐纯林、杨树纯林;枯落层厚度为1.7~4.0 cm,枯落物贮量为1885.35~6357.25 kg·hm^(-2),最大持水量为6052.43~18672.31 kg·hm^(-2),均表现为杨树+沙棘>毛榛>刺槐>杨树林。在4种人工林中,辽西地区涵养水源效果最好的林分为杨树+沙棘林,其次为毛榛林,杨树纯林效果最差,建议将当前大面积的纯林进行混交林改造。

The rainwater retention effect of tree crowns,litter thickness&water retention effect were used as indicators to analyze the water conservation effect of four plantations in arid areas in western Liaoning Province.Result shows that the rainwater retention rate of each plantation canopy is 15.1%-35.45%,the descending order being Populus spp.+Hippophae rhamnoides,pure forest of Corylus mandshurica,pure forest of Robinia pseudoacacia,pure forest of Populus spp.;litter layer thickness is 1.7-4.0 cm,litter storage is 1885.35-6357.25 kg·hm^(-2),maximum water holding capacity is 6052.43-18672.31 kg·hm^(-2),all of which are poplar+Hippophae rhamnoides>Corylus mandshurica>Robinia pseudoacacia>Populus spp.plantation.Among the four plantations,the forest with the optimal water conservation effect in western Liaoning Province is divided into Populus spp.+Hippophae rhamnoides forest,followed by Corylus mandshurica forest,and pure Populus spp.forest has the worst effect.It is recommended that the current large area of pure forest be transformed into mixed forest.